Sleep disturbances refer to any disruptions or changes in a person's normal sleep patterns, which can lead to difficulties falling asleep, staying asleep, or achieving restful and restorative sleep. Sleep disturbances can include conditions such as insomnia, sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, and narcolepsy. These disturbances can have a significant impact on overall health and well-being, leading to fatigue, mood changes, cognitive impairment, and an increased risk of developing chronic health conditions. Research in this area aims to understand the causes of sleep disturbances, develop effective treatments, and improve the quality of sleep for individuals experiencing these issues.